Update of the representative relationship between exposure and annoyance due to traffic noise in Japan

The authors published an original paper entitled “Representative exposure–annoyance relationships due to transportation noises in Japan” in 2021. In this paper, we established the relationship between noise exposure (L den) and the prevalence of highly annoyed people (cut-off point with 72%) for each mode of traffic noise using individual data obtained from previous socio-acoustic surveys, in Japan. However, exposure–response relationship should be updated regularly. Thus, the authors collected new datasets and applied multiple logistic regression analysis to re-examine the relationship between L den and 72% HA in detached houses. As in previous reports, military aircraft had the highest levels, followed by civil aircraft and Shinkansen railways at nearly the same level, then conventional railway, and finally road traffic. Furthermore, we presented the relationship in apartment buildings, limited to ground transportations. The prevalence for apartment buildings showed that conventional railway and Shinkansen railway were similar, while road traffic was the lowest. In apartment buildings, the impact of Shinkansen vibration on annoyance was smaller than that in detached houses. Therefore, it can be assumed that the annoyance response is similar for conventional railways and Shinkansen railways in apartment buildings.