Magnitude of anemia and Its Determinants among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

Background: Anemia among diabetic patients is a major impact on the overall health and survival. Although it is a main public health problem, there is limited studies done on determinant factors. Objective: This study was aimed to determine magnitude of anemia and its determinants among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia Methods: - A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 273 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital from September to December 2023. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using structured questionnaires. Venous blood (5 mL) was analyzed using a Siemens ADVIA hematology analyzer, and peripheral blood films were examined. Data were entered into EpiData 4.6 and analyzed with STATA 14 using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: The overall magnitude of anemia was 40.35 % (95 % CI 35.25, 46.15). Determinant factors that showed significant association with anemia, was duration of diabetes mellitus greater than five years (2.14(95 % CI, 1.85, 2.27), Malaria infection (4.5(95 % CI, 4.30, 4.72)), being overweight (3.0 (95 % CI, 2.52, 3.49)). Conclusion and recommendation: Anemia was a major public health problem among diabetes mellitus patients and showed a significant association with duration of diabetes mellitus greater than five years, malaria infection, and being underweight. So, we recommend that diabetes mellitus patients should have their hemoglobin checked with continuous use of vegetable-based diet and lifestyle modification.