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Case report demonstrates effective hemodialysis using thoracic collateral veins in a patient with vascular access failure, suggesting a viable alternative.
We present the case of a 59-year-old man, on hemodialysis for 16 years, diagnosed with central venous stenosis confirmed by angiotomography and associated failure of conventional vascular access. Five years ago, the puncture of collateral veins in the chest wall was initiated as an alternative venous access for dialysis treatment. Since then, the patient has maintained satisfactory dialysis adequacy (spKt/V ≥ 1.2), demonstrating that unconventional vascular access can ensure therapeutic continuity, clinical stability, and effective long-term dialysis management.
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Agostinho et al. (2026) studied this question.
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