Key result
High triglycerides are linked to a ~5-fold increase in elevated HOMA-IR risk.
Why the study?
Are triglycerides and HDL cholesterol associated with insulin resistance in adults?
Cross-Sectional (n=4,698)
Yes
Are triglycerides and HDL cholesterol associated with insulin resistance in adults?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Triglycerides and HDL cholesterol are strongly and independently associated with insulin resistance, emphasizing the importance of lipid management in metabolic health.
Insulin resistance (IR) is a key factor in metabolic disorders. While lipid abnormalities often coexist with IR, their independent associations remain unclear. We analyzed 4698 adults from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2018). The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) of IR was calculated from fasting glucose and insulin. Lipid profiles (LDLC, HDLC, total cholesterol, triglycerides [TG]) were examined in relation to HOMA-IR using multivariable-adjusted regression models. HDLC showed a inverse association with HOMA-IR (β = -0.877, P < .001), while TG had a correlation (β = 0.679, P < .001). LDLC and total cholesterol exhibited weaker, nonlinear relationships. High TG (Q4 odds ratio = 5.53) and low HDLC (Q4 odds ratio = 0.15) were predictive of elevated HOMA-IR (P < .001). TG and HDLC are associated with HOMA-IR, with distinct dose-response patterns. These findings emphasize the importance of lipid management in metabolic health.
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Yu et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Insulin resistance (n=4,698). High triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol vs. Lower quartiles/levels was evaluated on Elevated HOMA-IR (OR 5.53, p=< .001). High triglycerides (OR 5.53) and low HDL cholesterol (OR 0.15) were strongly predictive of elevated HOMA-IR (P < .001).
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