What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to explore the psychosocial and demographic predictors of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents.

May 14, 2026

Non-suicidal self-injury among youth: An examination of psychosocial factors

Puntos clave

This research aims to explore the psychosocial and demographic predictors of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents.
Analyzed data from the 2020 Parents' Resource Institute for Drug Education (PRIDE) survey (N=35,695).
Used multivariate logistic regression to assess associations with mental health factors and psychosocial stressors.
Sample comprised adolescents aged 12 to 17 from 133 schools in Cincinnati, Ohio.
6.2% of youth reported non-suicidal self-injury in the past month.
Females had 1.45 times higher odds of NSSI; Hispanic youth had 1.37 times and multi-racial youth 1.30 times higher odds.
Depression was strongly associated with NSSI (adjusted odds ratio 14.2), along with anxiety (1.99), bullying (3.93), and stress (1.70).

Resumen

BACKGROUND: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), the intentional and direct harm to one's own body without suicidal intent, has emerged as a significant public health concern among adolescents. Despite its high prevalence and strong association with mental health disorders, demographic and psychosocial predictors remain underexplored, particularly in diverse populations in the United States of America. METHODS: The investigators analysed cross-sectional data from the 2020 Parents' Resource Institute for Drug Education (PRIDE) survey, encompassing 35 695 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years from 133 schools in the greater Cincinnati, Ohio area. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to examine associations between past-30-day NSSI and mental health factors (depression, anxiety), psychosocial stressors (bullying, stress), and demographic variables (age, sex, race/ethnicity). RESULTS: Approximately 6.2% of youth reported past-month NSSI. Female adolescents (aOR: 1.45), Hispanic (aOR: 1.37) and multi-racial youth (aOR: 1.30) were at elevated risk for NSSI. Younger adolescents (12 to 13 years) had higher odds of NSSI compared to older peers. Depression (aOR: 14.2), anxiety (aOR: 1.99), bullying (aOR: 3.93), and stress (aOR: 1.70) were all significantly associated with increased NSSI risk. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, NSSI affected over 1 in 20 adolescents and was strongly linked to mental health distress and social adversity. Our findings highlight the need for early, targeted, and culturally sensitive interventions that address both individual psychological vulnerability and broader psychosocial stressors in youth populations.

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