Association between Body Roundness Index and diastolic function in middle-aged and older adults: a cross-sectional study

Figures

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  Figure 1. ROC curves illustrating the discriminative ability of BRI for identifying DD. Analyses were performed using 1000 bootstrap resamplings to assess stability; the optimal cutoff was determined by maximizing the Youden index (sensitivity + specificity − 1). (A) Model 1 is unadjusted. (B) Model 2 is adjusted for age and sex. (C) Model 3 is adjusted for all covariates (age, sex, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, current smoking, alcohol use, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke).

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  Figure 2. Histogram of BRI distribution overlaid with a restricted cubic spline model, examining the functional form of the association between BRI and the probability of DD. Spline included 3 knots to flexibly capture potential non-linear relationships.

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  Figure 3. Interaction analyses investigating the modifying effects of blood pressure and lipid profiles on the association between BRI and DD. Panel A shows BRI and systolic blood pressure (SBP) with p = 0.127. Panel B displays BRI and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with p = 0.203. Panel C depicts BRI and total cholesterol with p = 0.930. Panel D presents BRI and LDL cholesterol with p = 0.719. Panel E illustrates BRI and HDL cholesterol with p = 0.408. Panel F shows BRI and triglycerides with p = 0.776. Each graph features shaded areas representing mean plus or minus one standard deviation.

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  Figure 4. Subgroup analyses by age, sex, current smoking, alcohol use, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke. Panel A shows associations per 1-unit increase in BRI; Panel B compares low BRI (<4.2) and high BRI (≥4.2) groups.