The national interest is the supreme goal that states always strive to enhance, protect and achieve by various means. On this basis, the roles have changed and changed since the emergence of the nation-state and to the present day. Sometimes we find that the ruling basis for international relations is the characteristic of conflict and competition, while we find that the tremendous developments in the scientific and technological fields have led to the intertwining of international interests and the increase of the intensity of interaction between countries and pushed many of them to cooperation As a result, the role of the national interest has been determined on the basis of activating aspects of cooperation, conflict and competition within the framework of international relations
Muhammad et al. (2022) studied this question.