Demonstrates an optimized ex vivo model for testing organotoxicity, indicating broader laboratory access.
system makes this valuable, reproducible, and ethically approved platform for testing nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity accessible to more laboratories, for example for dose finding or compound prioritisation, thereby supporting 3R-conform preclinical drug screening as well as hazard identification and potentially reducing reliance on animal experiments.
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Spruck et al. (2026) studied this question.
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