Photoresponsive Nanocarriers for Potentiating Tuberculosis Therapy

burden in murine alveolar epithelial (MLE-15) cells and macrophages (BMDMs), as well as in human macrophages (THP-1), without inducing cytotoxicity. TB preclinical models demonstrated that laser-triggered nanocarriers significantly reduced pulmonary bacterial load in infected mice compared with untreated groups, even at low doses. These findings demonstrate that the formulation's therapeutic efficacy depends on photothermal activation and support its potential as an adjuvant strategy for precision, light-assisted TB treatment, thereby reducing systemic exposure and minimizing toxicity.