Experimental findings demonstrate that ethylene restricts petal growth in rose through RhMPK7-mediated phosphorylation of RhBZR1, suggesting new growth control mechanisms.
variant display significantly enlarged petals. We further show that ethylene simultaneously activates RhMPK7 and stabilizes the RhMPK7-RhBZR1 interaction. Genetic analyses confirm that RhMPK7 restricts petal expansion specifically by antagonizing RhBZR1, and this module is essential for ethylene-mediated growth suppression. These results indicate a phosphorylation-based 'speed governor' that dynamically restrains hormone-induced rapid cell expansion, offering a new paradigm for the posttranslational gating of organ size.
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