Key result
Ultrasound abnormalities drive ~58% of fetal echocardiography referrals in major congenital heart disease.
Why the study?
Congenital heart disease is a frequently inherited condition linked to adverse outcomes, but referral causes for fetal echocardiography leading to a final diagnosis of major congenital heart disease needed clarification.
Cross-Sectional (n=1,772)
No
Ultrasound abnormality, history of abortion, increased nuchal translucency, and gestational diabetes are the most common factors prompting referral for fetal echocardiography that results in a diagnosis of major congenital heart disease.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Ultrasound abnormalities and abortion history predominate referrals yielding major fetal CHD; leaves open optimal echocardiography referral criteria.
Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most frequently inherited illnesses associated with adverse outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to determine the referral cause for fetal echocardiography in the final diagnosis of major CHD. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the data of 1772 pregnant women, referred to a diagnostic clinic during 2017-2020, were reviewed. Data were collected from participants on maternal age, gestational age, history of previous child's heart disease, body mass, the order of birth of children (baby birth rank), type of woman's disease, history of poor midwifery, and nuchal translucency (NT). Results: Of the 1772 pregnant women, only 33 women (1.8%) had a fetus with CHD major. Abnormality in ultrasound (57.6%), history of abortion (36.4%), increased NT and gestational diabetes (18.2%) and gestational diabetes (18.2%) were identified as the most common referral reasons for fetal echocardiography in these women. Other reasons included a previous child with Down syndrome (12.1%), a previous child with heart disease (12.1%), a history of stillbirth (12.1%), hypothyroidism (12.1%), taking medication during the pregnancy period (9.0%), no underlying disease (9.0%), multiple pregnancies (6.0%), diagnosis with high-risk fetal heart disease (3.0%), high-risk combined aneuploidy screening test in the first trimester (3.0%), in vitro fertilizationpregnancy (3.0%), and having a child with an intellectual disability (3.0%). Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that ultrasound abnormality, abortion, increased NT and gestational diabetes are the most important factors for referring pregnant women for fetal echocardiography.
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Barati et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Fetal congenital heart disease (n=1,772). Fetal echocardiography referral was evaluated on Most common referral reason for fetal echocardiography in cases of major congenital heart disease. In pregnant women whose fetuses were diagnosed with major congenital heart disease, the most common reasons for fetal echocardiography referral were ultrasound abnormality (57.6%) and history of abortion (36.4%).
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