Key result
Physical inactivity and exercise training have direct vascular deconditioning and conditioning effects on both vasculature function and structure in humans, which likely modify cardiovascular risk.
Why the study?
Does exercise training compared to inactivity improve vascular function and structure in humans?
Does exercise training compared to inactivity improve vascular function and structure in humans?
Inactivity and exercise have direct vascular deconditioning and conditioning effects that likely modify cardiovascular risk beyond their impact on traditional risk factors.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports vascular health as an independent exercise target; leaves open prospective trials on clinical outcomes.
The effects of inactivity and exercise training on established and novel cardiovascular risk factors are relatively modest and do not account for the impact of inactivity and exercise on vascular risk. We examine evidence that inactivity and exercise have direct effects on both vasculature function and structure in humans. Physical deconditioning is associated with enhanced vasoconstrictor tone and has profound and rapid effects on arterial remodelling in both large and smaller arteries. Evidence for an effect of deconditioning on vasodilator function is less consistent. Studies of the impact of exercise training suggest that both functional and structural remodelling adaptations occur and that the magnitude and time-course of these changes depends upon training duration and intensity and the vessel beds involved. Inactivity and exercise have direct "vascular deconditioning and conditioning" effects which likely modify cardiovascular risk.
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Thijssen et al. (2009) conducted a review in Cardiovascular risk associated with physical inactivity and exercise. Physical inactivity and exercise training was evaluated. Physical inactivity and exercise training have direct vascular deconditioning and conditioning effects on both vasculature function and structure in humans, which likely modify cardiovascular risk.
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