Recommendations for safe and effective automated vehicle deployment in Europe: Insights from European experts

The current physical road infrastructure is designed to maximise human driver perception. As advanced Automated Driving Systems (ADS) are becoming more prevalent the discussion shifts to whether this development necessitate changes to the physical and digital infrastructure (PDI) of the road environment. This study investigates ADS requirements from a European perspective and what infrastructure-related measures and policy recommendations are necessary to support the safe and effective deployment of Automated Vehicles (AVs) in Europe. Based on extensive data collection through interviews, survey, and workshops, this study presents four key recommendations for AV deployment in Europe. First, road authorities should implement infrastructure measures that benefit both human drivers and AVs, with the industry using infrastructure support as enhancing elements for safe AV operations. Second, the digitalisation of road networks and traffic rules are seen as important to support deployment of AVs. Third, Europe must accelerate the integration of terrestrial and satellite networks to ensure resilient positioning and connectivity for automated mobility. And finally, fourth, collaboration among stakeholders and the importance of standardisation and harmonisation across countries and regions are emphasised. These recommendations aim to facilitate the safe and efficient deployment of AVs in Europe.