Examining the influence of green human resource management practices on employees’ environmental behaviour: the role of employee commitment and organisational culture

This study examines the relationship between green human resource management practices (GHRMPs) and employees' environmental behaviour within pharmaceutical firms in Bangladesh. Drawing on social exchange theory and organisational support theory, the study investigates employee commitment as a mediating mechanism and organisational culture as a moderating contextual factor. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to employees within the human resource function and analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The findings indicate that GHRMPs are positively associated with both employee commitment and employees' environmental behaviour. Employee commitment partially mediates the relationship between GHRMPs and employees environmental behaviour, suggesting that organisational sustainability practices may influence behaviour through employees’ psychological attachment. In addition, organisational culture moderates the relationship between commitment and employees environmental behaviour, indicating that the behavioural impact of commitment depends on the presence of supportive organisational norms. The study contributes to the sustainability literature by providing context-specific evidence from the Bangladeshi pharmaceutical sector and by highlighting the roles of psychological and contextual factors in shaping employee environmental behaviour. However, the cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reported data should be acknowledged when considering the findings. From a practical perspective, the results indicate that aligning GHRMPs with environmental objectives, alongside promoting a supportive organisational culture, may strengthen the effectiveness of sustainability initiatives. • GHRMPs positively influence employee commitment and environmental behaviour. • Employee commitment significantly mediates the GHRMPs–environmental behaviour relationship. • Supportive organisational culture strengthens commitment’s effect on environmental behaviour.