Dynamic Noncovalent Interactions: The Role of Supramolecular Chemistry in Stabilizing Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

deposition behavior (e.g., epitaxial (002) growth), effective HER suppression, and enhanced performance under extreme conditions such as low temperature. Through integration of advanced in situ characterization and multiscale simulations, we establish structure-property relationships that inform the rational design of next-generation supramolecular systems. Finally, we outline critical challenges and future directions, including elucidation of noncovalent interaction dynamics under operando conditions, development of multifunctional hosts with tailored selectivity, scalable and sustainable synthesis, and full-cell validation (e.g., suppression of cathode dissolution). This Account underscores that supramolecular chemistry, through its dynamic and adaptive nature, overcomes the inherent limitations of conventional static approaches and paves the way toward durable, high-performance ZIBs for sustainable energy storage.