Surface Phonon Polariton-Quantum Dot Coupling in One-Dimensional Periodic Microstructures for Batch Quantum State Manipulation

To explore the strong coupling between surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) and quantum dots in one-dimensional periodic microstructures for quantum information processing, we establish a comprehensive theoretical model for SPhPs at air–polar dielectric interfaces. By rigorously deriving the dispersion relations, we reveal the decisive role of scale effects on bandgap formation: continuous spectra without bandgaps emerge at the nanoscale (d∼10–100 nm), whereas periodic modulation induces significant Bloch mode folding and tunable bandgaps (0.5–5 μm width) at the microscale (d∼1–10 μm). Based on Fourier bandwidth limitations, we determine optimal channel widths (Ly≥10 μm) for maintaining low-loss modes with energy deviations below 1%. Through electromagnetic field quantization, we obtain analytical expressions for SPhP mode amplitudes and quantum dot transition rates. Calculations demonstrate that in micrometer-scale CsI structures, spontaneous emission rates can be modulated significantly: suppressed to <0.1 times the free-space values within bandgaps (excited-state lifetimes extended to ∼10 ns) and enhanced 5–8 times at conduction band edges. Leveraging these characteristics, we propose a scheme for batch quantum state manipulation of 102–103 arrayed quantum dots via selective excitation of specific Bloch modes using controlled laser frequency and angle, enabling parallel single-qubit gates with theoretical fidelity > 99%. Compared with surface plasmon polariton schemes, our approach utilizes the low-loss infrared characteristics of SPhPs (Q∼100–1000, 1–2 orders higher) to reduce decoherence rates, offering a new pathway for room-temperature solid-state quantum computing and on-chip multi-node entanglement distribution.