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The relaxin family functions as pleiotropic hormones with various antioxidant, angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, anti-hypertrophic, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and vasodilatory effects. To fully appreciate the potential therapeutic applications of relaxins and the pathophysiological implications, it is important to understand their multifaceted roles. This comprehensive review of current literature aims to elucidate the role of relaxins in modulating the biology and function of blood cells. It places special emphasis on the signaling pathways of relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activated by relaxin-2. Relaxin-2 influences circulating blood cell counts and exerts inhibitory effects on megakaryocytes, thrombocytes, and mast cells. It also possesses immunomodulatory characteristics that affect granulocytes and agranulocytes, particularly regarding their morphology, differentiation, and function. Relaxin-1 regulates dendritic cell maturation and cytokine secretion. RXFP1 could play significant roles in blood malignancies and preeclampsia. The broad spectrum of activities demonstrated by relaxins significantly influences blood cell biology and highlights their therapeutic potential in a range of conditions, including hematological, cardiovascular, renal, pregnancy-related, and fibrotic disorders.
Broszkiewicz et al. (Sat,) studied this question.