Key result
In silico simulations successfully model digoxin and mavacamten effects on cardiac output and LVEF.
Why the study?
The authors sought to demonstrate an in silico platform to simulate the effects of different drugs on heartbeat cycle performance using reduced computational costs compared to existing micro-level coupling methods.
Can an in silico finite element modeling platform simulate the effects of cardiac drugs on heartbeat cycle performance in cardiomyopathy models?
Can an in silico finite element modeling platform simulate the effects of cardiac drugs on heartbeat cycle performance in cardiomyopathy models?
An in silico finite element modeling platform can efficiently simulate the macroscopic effects of various cardiac drugs on left ventricular performance in hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy models.
Supports in silico platforms for preclinical cardiac drug assessment; leaves open human validation before clinical application.
In this paper, we present the abilities of an in silico platform used to simulate the effects of different drugs on heartbeat cycle performance. The platform is based on a finite element modelling approach with the fluid–solid interaction implemented using a loose coupling procedure. Active mechanical stresses are calculated using the Hunter excitation model while the passive mechanical stresses are calculated using a recently introduced experiment-based material model for the heart tissue. The applicability of the platform is illustrated using a simple parametric model of the left ventricle. The simulations are performed using parameters that are specific to drugs such as digoxin, mavacamten, 2-deoxy adenosine triphosphate, and disopyramide, with the concentration of calcium in the cardiac cells affected by these drugs given as an input function. The results are obtained for two geometries mimicking patients with hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy, and also for different inlet/outlet boundary conditions simulating different drug effects at the macroscopic level. Using in silico simulations with virtual patients, it is possible to evaluate the influence of different drugs on cardiac output and ejection fraction. This approach can significantly reduce computational costs with an acceptable solution accuracy compared to approaches coupling finite element and biophysical muscle model methods that are used to calculate drug effects at the micro level.
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Milošević et al. (2023) studied Hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy. In silico simulation of drugs (digoxin, mavacamten, 2-deoxy adenosine triphosphate, disopyramide) was evaluated on Cardiac output and ejection fraction. In silico simulations using a finite element modeling approach successfully evaluated the influence of drugs like digoxin and mavacamten on cardiac output and ejection fraction in virtual patients.
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