Reviews nonlinear devices that have been used or are potentially useful for laser frequency measurement in the optical region, extending from the submillimetre to the ultraviolet. The devices are grouped mainly in two classes: point-contact junctions and bulk nonlinear crystals or gases. Their physical principles and limitations are discussed, and attainments when constructed of various materials are listed. Ways of measuring frequencies with them are considered.
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Knight et al. (1976) studied this question.
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