Demonstrates effective synthesis of integerrines B–F, suggesting a novel method for biaryl compounds.
The total synthesis of (±)-integerrine B and the first total synthesis of (±)-integerrine C–F were realized, and 30–65% yields were achieved over 1–6 step(s) from the corresponding 3-hydroxycarbazole monomers. The key step involved the chemo- and regioselective bismuth-catalyzed oxidative homo- and cross-couplings of 3-hydroxycarbazoles with m-chloroperbenzoic acid. This strategy not only provides access to oxygen-sensitive biaryl alkaloids but also establishes a foundation for future asymmetric syntheses and broader applications in biaryl natural products.
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Dai et al. (2026) studied this question.
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