Randomized trial estimates first moment of L-functions in number fields, suggesting new bounds for subconvexity.
Let F be a number field with the adele ring AF; π ₁, π ₂ be two fixed unitary cuspidal automorphic representations of PGL₂(AF) with finite coprime conductors u and v, respectively; and q,l be two coprime integral ideals with (ql, uv)=1. Following the work of R. Zacharias, we estimate the first moment of L(1/2, π ⊗ π ₁ ⊗ π ₂) twisted by the Hecke eigenvalues λ π(l), where π runs through unitary automorphic representations with finite conductors dividing uvq. By applying the triple product integrals, spectral decomposition and the Plancherel formula, we get a reciprocity formula that links the twisted first moment of triple product L-functions to the spectral expansion of certain triple product periods over automorphic representations with finite conductors dividing l. As an application, we study the subconvexity problem for the triple product L-functions in the level aspect and give a subconvexity bound for L(1/2, π ⊗ π ₁ ⊗ π ₂) in terms of the norm of q.
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Xinchen Miao (2026) studied this question.