The Semiotic System of National-Cultural Codes in "Shum Bola"

In “Shum bola” by Gafur Gulom, national-cultural codes function as a semiotic system reflecting the historical-cultural experience, everyday life, folk mentality, and communicative values of the Uzbek people. These codes serve as one of the principal linguocultural mechanisms for generating humor, creating multiple interpretative layers of meaning within the text and requiring transcultural transformations in translation. Humor in the work appears not merely as a means of entertainment, but as a semiotic phenomenon expressing national identity.