Habitat–Soil–Food Synergy Amplifies Feedback to Enhance Carbon Sinks in Black Soils Regions

Enhancing the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink represents a critical strategy for mitigating climate change and advancing sustainable development. In this study, we developed a comprehensive framework that integrated ecosystem service interactions across temporal, spatial, and functional dimensions to identify pathways for enhancing carbon sinks, using Northeast China as a case study. We employed the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade‐offs (InVEST) model, spatiotemporal difference comparison methods, Geodetector, and the Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) model to identify the most relevant ESs for carbon storage (CS) and to analyze their interactions. By comparing the independent effects of single ecosystem services and the interaction effects of multiple ecosystem services on CS from 2000 to 2020, we proposed strategies for enhancing carbon sinks and improving spatial sustainability. The results showed that the interaction effects of ESs on CS were stronger than their independent effects, with the largest effect coefficients observed between soil retention (SR) and habitat quality (HQ) (0.66), followed by food production (FP) and HQ (0.63). Reducing trade‐offs and enhancing synergies between SR–HQ and FP–HQ were identified as key pathways to increase carbon sinks. These findings are especially important for managing black soil resources and optimizing agroforestry systems in Heilongjiang and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. This study highlighted the importance of amplifying feedback among ESs to improve CS and proposed targeted measures for the protection and restoration of black soils, thereby providing a scientific foundation and practical guidance for sustainable ecosystem management and climate change mitigation.