Kansei Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Surface Illumination on Surface-finished Papers

In product development, a method of cost cutting is required for manufacturing prototypes. Based on our recent research, we propose a low-cost prototyping system for subjective evaluation using a virtual environment. We call this method “Virtual prototyping using Kansei evaluation”. We determine the surface roughness and orientation, surface reflectance and transmission of surface-finished papers. Measured data are analyzed using directional statistics and subjective evaluation of surface-finished papers. As a result, we obtain the surface roughness and orientation, as well as the directional intensity of the surface-finished papers. We described the Kansei structures of subjective evaluation “thin”, “weighty”, “airy”, “hard”, and “tender” from kurtosis and luminance of surface reflections and transmissions. Using these techniques, it is possible to create surface appearances for virtual prototyping.