This work was designed to study the chemical composition and antibacterial activity, against four bacterial strains including two Gram-negative and two Gram-positive of pure essential oils, and those extracted from corresponding hydrolats of three species of Moroccan Thymus: (Thymbra capitata, Thymus munbyanus and Thymus glandulosus).Analysis of these oils by GS/MS, revealed that the pure essential oil of Thymbra capitata (carvacrol chemotype) is dominated by carvacrol (85, 35%) and the essential oil extracted from its hydrolat (carvacrol /4-tert-butylcatechol chemotype) consists predominantly of carvacrol (75.14%), 4-tert-butylcatechol (14.72%) and thymol (4.36%).Thus, the pure essential oil of Thymus munbyannus (carvacrol/p-cymene/terpinene chemotype) consists mainly of carvacrol (44.52%), p-cymene (16.64%) and terpinene (10.85%), while the essential oil extracted from its hydrolat (carvacrol/thymoquinone/borneol/linalyl anthranilate chemotype) consists especially of carvacrol (36.94%), thymoquinone (10.79%), borneol (10.21%) and linalyl anthranilate (15.78%).The chemical composition of pure essential oil of Thymus glandulosus (thymol/carvacrol/ p-cymene chemotype) shows that this latter consists mainly of monoterpenes especially both phenolic compounds thymol (28.51%) and carvacrol (24.88%) along with their precursors p -cymene (18.57%) and terpinene (10.51%), while the essential oil extracted from its hydrolat (carvacrol/thymol chemotype) consists mainly of carvacrol (45.95%), thymol (44.68%) and 4-tert-butylcatechol (3.87%).These oils showed significant antibacterial activities against the bacterial strains tested.
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Moukhles et al. (2018) studied this question.
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