Fostering student teachers’ 21st century skills by using flipped learning by teaching in STEM education

In recent decades, STEM has received wide attention in education and educators have been seeking effective approaches for STEM education. Learning by teaching could be a potential solution as it could help students develop 21stcentury skills. However, the high time cost and lack of relevant knowledge create a great barrier to its users and make the approach unpopular. Thus, this study aims to investigate how flipped learning by teaching could foster STEM education through the improvement of students’ understanding and their 21st century skills. By using seven-12 minutes pre-class video followed by 40-minute in-class sections, result suggested that flipped learning could contribute to students’ understanding, learning interest, creativity, and soft skill sets in 21st century skills. In view of its merits, flipped learning by teaching could be considered as an effective approach for STEM education.