Patterns of leadership in reform China, Lowell Dittmer China's new bureaucracy?, Hong Yung Lee urban industrial workers - some observations on the 1980s, Andrew G. Walder urban China - a civil society in the making?, Martin King Whyte urban entrepreneurs and the State - the merger of State and society, Dorothy J. Solinger ideology and rural reform - the paradox of contingent stability, Thomas P. Bernstein students and the State in China - the crisis in ideology and organization, Stanley Rosen intellectuals in the Deng Xiaoping era, Merle Goldman.
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Zagoria et al. (1992) studied this question.