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May 18, 20264 citationsOpen Access

Balanced Flavor Closure and the Koide Charged-Lepton Relation in QDL Occupancy-Amplitude Space

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JBJames D. Bourassa

Key Points

  • This research aims to explain the Koide charged-lepton mass relation through the lens of Quantized Dimensional Ledger (QDL) theory.
  • Introduced a definition for balanced flavor closure in QDL as an axiom.
  • Decomposed charged-lepton generations into singlet and doublet components.
  • Established a connection between the occupancy-amplitude vector and the Koide relation.
  • Calculated the tau mass using the Koide relation, yielding 1776.969 MeV, which aligns closely with reported values.
  • Demonstrated that balanced flavor closure is equivalent to a 45-degree angle with the democratic flavor axis.
  • Explained that quarks and neutrinos need additional closure rules beyond the ones applied to charged leptons.

Abstract

This paper gives a self-contained Quantized Dimensional Ledger interpretation of the empirical Koide charged-lepton mass relation. In QDL, mass is represented by a Planck-normalized occupancy coordinate, so the square-root mass vector appearing in the Koide relation becomes a quarter-power occupancy-amplitude vector. The three charged-lepton generations are decomposed into a democratic singlet channel and a hierarchy doublet channel. The paper introduces balanced irreducible flavor closure as a QDL admissibility axiom: the singlet and doublet components of the charged-lepton occupancy-amplitude vector carry equal squared norm. This condition is shown to be exactly equivalent to a 45-degree angle between the occupancy-amplitude vector and the democratic flavor axis, and therefore exactly equivalent to the Koide relation. Taking the electron and muon masses as inputs, the positive charged-lepton branch gives a tau-mass completion of 1776.969 MeV, within roughly one quoted uncertainty of the Particle Data Group value. The manuscript does not claim to discover Koide or to derive all charged-lepton masses from first principles. Its contribution is to formulate Koide as a QDL occupancy-amplitude closure condition, define the corresponding admissibility functional, justify charged leptons as the proper first test sector, and explain why quarks and neutrinos require additional scheme, mixing, and neutral-sector closure rules.

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Cite This Study

James D. Bourassa (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a0aad015ba8ef6d83b706b2https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20240650
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