Key result
Anti-inflammatory agents reduce adipose inflammation and promote M2 macrophage polarization in obese animal models.
Why the study?
A lack of effective anti-inflammatory agents for obesity indicated the need to assess mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets in adipose tissue.
Do anti-inflammatory agents modulate inflammation in adipose tissue in experimental models?
Systematic Review (n=41)
Do anti-inflammatory agents modulate inflammation in adipose tissue in experimental models?
Anti-inflammatory agents, including natural and synthetic compounds, modulate adipose tissue inflammation in experimental models by reducing cytokine expression and promoting M2 macrophage polarization.
Preclinical data do not yet guide obesity care; extends systematic evidence for adipose inflammation modulation in animal models but leaves human translation open.
Obesity is characterized by an adipose tissue mass expansion that presents a risk to health, associated with a chronic increase in circulating inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory agents are an obesity alternative treatment. However, the lack of effective agents indicates the need to assess the mechanisms and identify effective therapeutic targets. The present work identified and described the mechanisms of action of anti-inflammatory agents in adipose tissue in experimental studies. The review was registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO-CRD42020182897). The articles' selection was according to eligibility criteria (PICOS). The research was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, VHL, and EMBASE. The methodological quality evaluation was assessed using SYRCLE. Initially, 1511 articles were selected, and at the end of the assessment, 41 were eligible. Among the anti-inflammatory agent classes, eight drugs, 28 natural, and five synthetic compounds were identified. Many of these anti-inflammatory agents act in metabolic pathways that culminate in the inflammatory cytokines expression reduction, decreasing the macrophages infiltration in white and adipose tissue and promoting the polarization process of type M1 to M2 macrophages. Thus, the article clarifies and systematizes these anti-inflammatory agents' mechanisms in adipose tissue, presenting targets relevant to future research on these pathways.
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Nascimento et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review in Obesity and adipose tissue inflammation (n=41). Anti-inflammatory agents (drugs, natural, and synthetic compounds) vs. Control group was evaluated on Mechanisms of action in adipose tissue (inflammatory markers, macrophage infiltration, and polarization). Anti-inflammatory agents reduce inflammatory cytokine expression, decrease macrophage infiltration in white adipose tissue, and promote the polarization of M1 to M2 macrophages in animal models of obesity.
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