Key result
IVC compression by a large benign abdominal tumor causes proximal PE in a young female.
Why the study?
Most pulmonary embolism cases originate from lower limb thromboembolism, but alternate etiologies should be suspected in young patients without risk factors.
Case Report (n=1)
No
Acute pulmonary embolism in young female patients without traditional risk factors should prompt investigation for alternative etiologies such as vascular compression by tumors.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May prompt abdominal imaging for unprovoked proximal PE in young women; leaves open optimal management of tumor-related venous compression.
Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition causing an abrupt reduction in blood flow in the pulmonary vasculature due to a migrating thrombus. The most cases are related to thromboembolism events originating in the lower limbs. However alternate etiologies should be suspected in certain clinical cases mainly in young patients with no risk factors. Case Presentation: We present a case of a young patient with proximal PE caused by compression on the inferior vena cava by an abdominal benign tumor measuring 11 × 28 cm. The patient was treated surgically and started on a therapeutic dose of Anticoagulation. The etiology of PE in this case was attributed to large vein compression promoting blood stasis and leading to thrombus formation. Conclusion: In short, acute PE in young female patients, is unusual and should raise suspicion for miscellaneous causes including vascular compression by tumors.
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Morr et al. (2024) conducted a case report in Pulmonary embolism (n=1). Surgery and anticoagulation was evaluated. Inferior vena cava compression by an 11 × 28 cm abdominal benign tumor caused a proximal pulmonary embolism in a young female patient, treated with surgery and therapeutic anticoagulation.
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