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January 1, 2016Comprehensive physiology

Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise Training

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Population

Humans and animals

Design

Review

Key result

Endurance training induces systemic and peripheral cardiovascular adaptations, including increased maximal cardiac output, improved muscle perfusion capacity, and structural vascular changes.

Authors

YHYlva HellstenMNMichael Nyberg

Discussion

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Overview

Supports endurance training in preventive cardiology; extends mechanistic insights but leaves optimal dosing and outcomes open to prospective trials.

Key Points

  • To review systemic and peripheral cardiovascular adaptations resulting from endurance exercise training in humans and animals.
  • Synthesized physiological findings regarding central cardiac adaptations and peripheral vascular remodeling during aerobic exercise training.
  • Evaluated mechanisms governing maximal cardiac output, arterial structural remodeling, and skeletal muscle microvascular oxygen delivery.
  • Maximal cardiac output increases via cardiac dimensional enlargement, enhanced myocardial contractility, and expanded blood volume that elevates stroke volume.
  • Conduit and resistance arteries exhibit increased luminal diameters, reduced wall thickness, and elevated arterial compliance to minimize vascular resistance.
  • Muscular microvascular expansion shortens diffusion distances, increases capillary diffusion area, and prolongs erythrocyte transit time to maximize oxygen extraction.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Humans and animals
I
Intervention
Aerobic exercise training / endurance training
O
Outcome
Systemic and peripheral cardiovascular adaptations

This review summarizes the systemic and peripheral cardiovascular adaptations to endurance training, highlighting improvements in cardiac output, vascular structure, and microvascular networks.

Cite This Study

Hellsten et al. (2016) conducted a review in Cardiovascular adaptations to exercise training. Endurance training was evaluated. Endurance training induces systemic and peripheral cardiovascular adaptations, including increased maximal cardiac output, improved muscle perfusion capacity, and structural vascular changes.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a0c746fd48675e494237786https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2016.tb00672.x
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Also Consider

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