Elevated Prostate-Specific Antigen, Abnormal Prostate Evaluation on Digital Rectal Examination, and Transrectal Ultrasound and Prostate Biopsy

Prostate cancer screening for the early diagnosis of organ-confined, potentially curable prostate cancer has dramatically changed the practice of urology over the past 15 years. The introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, increased medical and public awareness for digital rectal examination (DRE), and transrectal ultrasound-assisted needle biopsy of the prostate (TRUS/PNBX) has been instrumental in these dramatic changes.