Swets's theory of information retrieval allows the threads of document weighting formulae, probabilistic measures of effectiveness, and management theory to be woven into a coherent pattern. Benefits of the theory are the beginnings of a quantitative description of retrieval languages, a clear distinction between retrieval `systems' and `language', a recognition that retrieval performance can be tailored to suit individual needs in a systematic way, and confirmation that question Generality is a pivotal feature of the retrieval process. The hypotheses involved are still in need of rigorous experimental testing.
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M.H. Heine (1974) studied this question.
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