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May 20, 2026American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

B17-04 RSV Immunoprophylaxis in Infants and Breakthrough Infection: Clinical Impact and Virological Features

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Authors

SOS Monares OrtizNLN LeeJDJ Devlin

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Overview

Randomized trial characterizes RSV infections in infants with different immunoprophylaxis, suggesting implications for treatment.

Key Points

  • To investigate the clinical and virological features of RSV infections in infants with and without current-season immunoprophylaxis.
  • Conducted a prospective observational study of 245 infants under 2 years with RT-PCR-confirmed RSV infections.
  • Collected clinical data and nasopharyngeal swabs from various healthcare settings.
  • Performed viral load quantification by RT-qPCR and RSV subtyping and whole-genome sequencing.
  • Among 245 RSV-infected infants, 28 (11%) had breakthrough infections despite immunoprophylaxis.
  • Breakthrough cases exhibited higher Ct values (mean 22.4 vs. 19.8; p = 0.003) and lower likelihood of fever (46% vs. 72%; p = 0.007) and lower respiratory tract infection (p = 0.02).
  • Current-season immunoprophylaxis was associated with lower odds of lower respiratory tract infection (p = 0.004).

Cite This Study

Ortiz et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a0d4efcf03e14405aa9a3fbhttps://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag162.4240
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