The Effects of Sociodemographic Factors on Nurses’ Self-Care Abilities in a Publicly Funded Hospital: A Quantitative Study Using Orem’s Framework

Objective: To examine the impact of sociodemographic factors on the self-care ability of registered nurses (RNs) in a publicly funded hospital, guided by Orem’s Self-Care Framework. Background: Self-care is essential for nurses’ well-being and performance. Understanding sociodemographic factors affecting self-care provides a basis for targeted interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional study surveyed 279 RNs using the Exercise of Self-Care Agency (ESCA) scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and regression, identified significant predictors. Results: The study highlights significant relationships between sociodemographic variables and self-care abilities. Age ( P = 0.02), ethnicity ( P = 0.005), shift type ( P = 0.03), work unit ( P = 0.005), income ( P = 0.041), financial situation ( P < 0.001), and social support ( P < 0.001) were critical determinants of self-care. Conclusions: Some sociodemographic factors influence self-care ability. Addressing financial stability, social support, ethnicity, and work conditions may be essential to promote nurses’ well-being and ensure workforce sustainability.