Key result
5A self-management improves psychosocial adaptation scores by ~14 points vs routine care in hospitalized T2D.
Why the study?
Psychosocial adaptation is often overlooked in routine diabetes care, and the impact of the 5A model on psychosocial outcomes in diabetes remains underexplored.
Does the 5A self-management program improve psychosocial adaptation in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes?
RCT (n=80)
Randomized
Yes
Does the 5A self-management program improve psychosocial adaptation in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes?
Absolute Event Rate: 58.6% vs 72.4%
p-value: p=<0.001
The 5A self-management program significantly improves psychosocial adaptation in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes compared to routine care.
Supports integrating the 5A model into inpatient diabetes care; extends evidence for psychosocial benefits of structured self-management in type 2 diabetes.
Background Diabetes management requires not only biomedical control but also psychosocial adaptation, which is often overlooked in routine care. The 5A model (Assess, Advise, Agree, Assist, and Arrange) has shown promise in chronic disease management, yet its impact on psychosocial outcomes in diabetes remains underexplored. Aim This study aimed to determine the effect of the 5A self‐management program on psychosocial adaptation among hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes in selected teaching hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Methods In this randomized controlled trial (RCT), 80 patients with type 2 diabetes who met the inclusion criteria were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to either the intervention group ( n = 40) or the control group ( n = 40). The intervention group received the 5A self‐management program, while the control group received routine care. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire, the Diabetes Self‐Management Questionnaire, and the Derogatis Psychosocial Adjustment Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 20 with descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results The findings showed no significant differences between the two groups in demographic characteristics ( p > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean score of psychosocial adaptation in the intervention group (58.6 ± 7.9) was significantly lower than that in the control group (72.4 ± 8.3) ( p < 0.001). Within‐group comparison revealed a significant decrease in PAIS scores (indicating improvement) in the intervention group. Conclusion The 5A self‐management program can be considered an effective intervention for improving psychosocial adaptation among patients with type 2 diabetes. It is recommended that this program be utilized in the healthcare system to enhance psychosocial adaptation in these patients.
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Rezapour-Nasrabad et al. (2026) conducted an RCT in Type 2 diabetes (n=80). 5A self-management program vs. Routine care was evaluated on Psychosocial adaptation score (p=<0.001). The 5A self-management program significantly improved psychosocial adaptation scores compared to routine care in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (mean score 58.6 vs 72.4; p<0.001).
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