Key result
~78% of heavy smokers experience persistently poor sleep, linked to female gender, race, and social adversity.
Why the study?
There is limited evidence regarding the longitudinal sleep quality of patients with smoking-related lung disease.
Population
2,838 heavy smokers of Black or Non-Hispanic White race from the SPIROMICS cohort
Design
Longitudinal cohort study with group-based trajectory modeling
Follow-up
3 years
Authors
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High prevalence of persistent poor sleep quality may identify a treatment target; leaves open whether interventions improve respiratory outcomes.
Cohort (n=2,838)
Historically underserved groups, including Black and female heavy smokers, are at long-term risk for persistently poor sleep outcomes.
Baugh et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Heavy smokers / smoking-related lung disease (n=2,838). Risk factors (female gender, Black race, adverse social conditions) was evaluated on Sleep quality over time as measured by serial retests of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) trajectory groups. In a cohort of heavy smokers, 77.7% had persistently poor sleep quality over 3 years, with risk factors including female gender, Black race, and adverse social conditions.
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