Mineral Reactions and Reservoir Dynamic Response for Geothermal Energy Development Reservoir Reinjection from a Geochemical Perspective

Reinjection represents a fundamental strategy for sustainable geothermal reservoir development. During reinjection, reservoirs are subjected to pronounced physicochemical disequilibrium, under which complex water–rock interactions render long–term behavior difficult to predict. This review synthesizes mineral reactions and reservoir dynamic responses from a geochemical perspective. The interplay between reaction kinetics and fluid transport is examined using the Damköhler number, elucidating the spatiotemporal evolution of reactive transport. The dissolution–precipitation behaviors of silicate, carbonate, and sulfate minerals are evaluated, highlighting their distinct roles in governing long–term structural reorganization, short–term permeability variability, and rapid clogging. The influence of mineral reactions on pore structure evolution and the development of nonlinear porosity–permeability relationships is examined, alongside commonly used constitutive models and their inherent limitations. Multiscale characterization approaches for porosity–permeability evolution and the distinct responses of different reservoir types are reviewed. The chemo–mechanical coupling induced by water–rock interactions and its implications for reservoir stability are addressed. This work establishes a unified conceptual framework linking mineral reactions, fluid transport, and reservoir evolution, providing a basis for optimizing reinjection strategies and improving long–term geothermal system performance.