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Up until the 1960s, the techno-nationalistic mode prevailed in the Cold War environment. Since the 1960s, however, the techno-globalistic mode emerged in Asian newly industrializing economies (NIEs) and was eventually adopted by China. This new trend reversed the technology gap, negating the veracity of dependency theory. This tendency will continue until eventually equality is attained, provided that techno-nationalism never regains its formerly overwhelming power.
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Shigeru Nakayama (2012) studied this question.
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