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Launched in 1992, the Civil Society in the Middle East programme brought together numerous scholars to analyze political life through an exploration of civil society within the states of the region. It gathered material on non-governmental organizations (NGOs), unions, political parties and professional syndicates. This text, the second of two volumes, provides a comprehensive analysis of state-society relations in the Middle East. It contains original studies of Algeria, Gaza, Iran, Israel, Turkey, the Sudan, Yemen and the Arab states of the Gulf. Collectively, these contributions are intended to challenge the notion that civil society is alien to the Middle East.
A Sun, study studied this question.