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April 21, 2022Journal of Applied PhysiologyOpen Access

Sex-specific effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on age-related differences in cerebral hemodynamics

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Key result

Higher cardiorespiratory fitness links to lower cerebral pulsatility overall and higher MCA velocity in women.

Why the study?

The study was conducted to evaluate the impact of age, sex, and cardiorespiratory fitness on cerebral hemodynamics.

Does cardiorespiratory fitness improve resting cerebral hemodynamics in healthy adults?

Population

Individuals with data pooled from three institutions

Comparison

Impact of age, sex, and cardiorespiratory fitness

Design

Pooled cross-sectional study from three institutions

Authors

NZNiklaus ZellerUniversity of Minnesota Medical CenterKMKathleen B. MillerUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonRZRyan ZeaUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison

Discussion

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Implication

May indicate sex-specific cerebrovascular benefits; hypothesis-generating and requires longitudinal confirmation.

Study Design

Type

Observational

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Does cardiorespiratory fitness improve resting cerebral hemodynamics in healthy adults?

P
Population
153 healthy adults (ages 18-83, mean age 42, 74 women/79 men) without a history or evidence of major cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic, or neurological diseases, pooled from three institutions in the US and Canada.
I
Intervention
Cardiorespiratory fitness (measured as relative VO2max via maximal incremental exercise test)
O
Outcome
Resting cerebral hemodynamics (mean middle cerebral artery blood velocity [MCAv] and cerebral pulsatility index)surrogate

Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower cerebral pulsatility index in women, suggesting a sex-specific protective effect of fitness on age-related cerebrovascular changes.

Limitations

  • Assessed aging in a cross-sectional manner
  • Cerebral hemodynamics evaluated at rest using transcranial Doppler ultrasound, which cannot determine vessel size
  • MCA was assessed unilaterally, missing potential global or regional flow differences
  • Critical age gap in the data in the 5th decade of life (perimenopause)
  • Unable to capture physical activity and exercise participation in addition to cardiorespiratory fitness

Cite This Study

Zeller et al. (2022) reported an observational. Cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated on Cerebral hemodynamics (middle cerebral artery blood velocity and cerebral pulsatility index). Cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with middle cerebral artery blood velocity in women but not men, and inversely associated with cerebral pulsatility index in both sexes.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a0e2f35f8c10024cd27a9cfhttps://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00782.2021
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Arterial stiffness, pressure and flow pulsatility and brain structure and function: the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility – Reykjavik Study2011 · 903 citations
  2. 2Effect of regular aerobic exercise on cerebrovascular tone in young women.1998 · 9 citations
  3. 3Effects of age and aerobic capacity on arterial stiffness in healthy adults.1993 · 1,086 citations
  4. 4Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with increased middle cerebral arterial compliance and decreased cerebral blood flow in young healthy adults: A pulsed ASL MRI study2019 · 32 citations
  5. 5Cerebral Hemodynamics in Normal Aging: Central Artery Stiffness, Wave Reflection, and Pressure Pulsatility2014 · 221 citations