One-dimensional CaWO4 and CaWO4:Tb3+ nanowires and nanotubes: electrospinning preparation and luminescent properties

One-dimensional CaWO4 and CaWO4:Tb3+ nanowires and nanotubes have been prepared by a combination method of sol-gel process and electrospinning. X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), photoluminescence (PL), low voltage cathodoluminescence (CL) and time-resolved emission spectra, as well as kinetic decays were used to characterize the resulting samples. The results of XRD, FT-IR, TG-DTA indicate that the CaWO4 and CaWO4:Tb3+ samples begin to crystallize at 500 °C with the scheelite structure. Under ultraviolet excitation and low-voltage electron beams excitation, the CaWO4 samples exhibit a blue emission band with a maximum at 416 nm originating from the WO42−groups, while the CaWO4:Tb3+ samples show the characteristic emission of Tb3+ corresponding to 5D4–7F6,5,4,3 transitions due to an efficient energy transfer from WO42− to Tb3+. The energy transfer process was further studied by the time-resolved emission spectra as well as kinetic decay curves of Tb3+ upon excitation into the WO42−groups. Furthermore, the PL emission colour of CaWO4: x mol %Tb3+ can be tuned from blue to green by changing the concentrations (x) of the Tb3+ ion, making the materials have potential applications as fluorescent lamps and field emission displays (FEDs).