Trunk‐Top Relations in a Siberian Pine Forest

In this paper we study relations between trunks and tops of pines in natural Siberian forests. By statistical methods we show that the tops tend to deviate in the direction away from the nearest neighbour tree or from a summary of the trees in a given neighbourhood. In an alternative approach we show that the tops deviate into the direction of the empty space near the trunk position defined by the corresponding Voronoi polygon.