Critical minerals for green energy transition: A United States perspective

This paper examines the green energy transition objectives from a U.S. viewpoint. It is highly doubtful that targets announced by politicians, climate advocates and green investors will be achieved under-desired timeframes. The lack of a coherent domestic mineral policy, exceedingly long and burdensome permitting timeframes and increasing litigation will result in continuing underinvestment domestic mineral opportunities. As a result, geopolitical risks across necessary critical mineral supply chains are anticipated to escalate as the U.S. de facto strategy will be reliance on foreign sources, both friendly and not.