The role of imaging radar in cultural heritage: From technologies to applications

Imaging radar has been dramatically developed over the past decades enabling a better understanding of cultural heritage from a microwave perspective. Nonetheless, a dedicated survey and analysis of the performance of such technology in cultural heritage monitoring and management is required. In order to fill this gap, we first review the technology advance of imaging radar, including ground penetration radar, ground-based and airborne/satellite radar, in the focused cultural applications to grasp the development trend of these technologies. We then analyse the performance and limitations of imaging radar technologies based on their respective characteristics to facilitate the technology service in practical applications. Finally, we propose a flexible solution of imaging radar in cultural heritage through technical integration with pilot synergy applications in archaeological prospection and cultural heritage diagnosis and conservation.