Key result
Amputee football players exhibit thicker posterior walls and smaller left ventricular diameters than non-disabled athletes.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to compare echocardiographic parameters among amputee football players, athletes without a disability, and sedentary individuals.
Does being an amputee football player alter echocardiographic parameters compared to active football players and sedentary individuals?
Cross-Sectional (n=37)
Single-blind
No
Does being an amputee football player alter echocardiographic parameters compared to active football players and sedentary individuals?
Amputee football players exhibit structural and functional echocardiographic differences, such as smaller LVDd and higher LVPWd, compared to football players without disability and sedentary individuals, though values remain within normal limits.
Echocardiographic differences in amputee athletes remain within normal limits; hypothesis-generating for adaptive remodeling and requires prospective confirmation.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to compare the echocardiographic (ECHO) parameters of amputee football players (AF) with those of athletes without a disability (football players) (FP), and sedentary individuals (SI). METHODS: A total of 37 male participants (nAF = 12, nFP = 12, nSI = 13) were included in the study. All participants underwent a transthoracic echocardiographic examination. Aortic diameter in systole (ADs), aortic diameter in diastole (ADd), isovolumic contraction time (IVCT), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), early (E) and late (A) wave velocities, myocardial systolic (S), early diastolic (E'), and late diastolic (A') myocardial rates, interventricular septal thickness (IVS), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) and left ventricular end-systole diameter (LVDs), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWd), left atrial diameter (LAD), and ascending aortic diameter (AAD) were measured. RESULTS: LVDd, E' were lower in AF than in FP. In contrast, LVDs, LVPWd, and A wave were higher in AF than in FP. When AF and SI groups were compared, ADs, LVPWd, A wave, IVRT, and S wave were higher in AF than in SI. ANOVA test showed a statistically significant difference between groups in LVPWd, A-wave, and E' wave. TTE data indicate that some parameters in AF differ from those observed in healthy individuals. The smaller LVEED diameter and higher PWT were found in AF. CONCLUSIONS: Although within normal limits, some ECHO parameters in the AF group differed from those without disability. Future studies should further investigate these differences using different and detailed measurement methods.
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Kurtoğlu et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Amputation (n=37). Amputee football vs. Active football players and sedentary individuals was evaluated on Posterior wall thickness (PWT) in mm (Cohen's d 0.978, p=0.031). Amputee football players exhibited significantly higher posterior wall thickness and smaller left ventricular end-diastolic diameter compared to active football players without disabilities.
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