Key result
Prehabilitation resistance training improves frailty and functional capacity versus conventional physical therapy before CABG.
Why the study?
Coronary artery disease reduces health status and functional capacity, prompting an evaluation of prehabilitation resistance training in mild to moderate clinically frail patients awaiting CABG.
Does prehabilitation resistance training improve functional capacity and frailty scores in mild to moderate clinically frail patients awaiting CABG?
RCT (n=74)
No
Does prehabilitation resistance training improve functional capacity and frailty scores in mild to moderate clinically frail patients awaiting CABG?
Prehabilitation resistance training improves functional capacity, strength, and frailty scores in frail patients awaiting elective CABG compared to conventional physical therapy.
Supports prehabilitation resistance training before CABG in frail patients; confirms functional gains in this RCT.
Coronary artery disease is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity among chronic heart diseases worldwide. Patients reported chronic chest pain as the primary symptom of coronary artery disease. Due to its progressive nature, it affects the health status and functional capacity of the patients. The current study was planned to compare the effects of prehabilitation resistance training in mild to moderate clinically frail patients awaiting coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 74 patients awaiting CABG at the Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Faisalabad, Pakistan. A Modified Healthy Heart Questionnaire was used for screening of the patients. Interventions applied were resistance training by using cuff weights/dumbbells at light intensity (40%-50%) of a maximum of one repetition (10-15 repetitions for one to three times a day) per major muscle groups of upper and lower limbs of the body on weekly basis. The main outcome measures were the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), the New York Heart Association (NYHA) for heart failure, the clinical frailty score, and the essential frailty toolset. Significant differences between group A (resistance training group) and group B (conventional physical therapy group) patients were observed. The mean ranks for 6MWT in group A and group B were 1.70 and 1.55, respectively. The mean ranks of NYHA in group A and group B were 1.68 and 2.84, respectively. Clinical frailty scores in group A and group B were 2.68 and 2.74, respectively, with the essential frailty toolset in group A and group B were 1.14 and 1.11, respectively. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences within and between groups for prehabilitation resistance training after CABG. The study showed that the resistance training group had improved the clinical frailty score, strength, endurance, and functional capacity in patients who underwent elective CABG.
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Sahar et al. (2023) conducted an RCT in Coronary artery disease (n=74). Prehabilitation resistance training vs. Conventional physical therapy was evaluated on 6-minute walk test (6MWT), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, clinical frailty score, and essential frailty toolset (p=< 0.05). Prehabilitation resistance training significantly improved clinical frailty, strength, endurance, and functional capacity compared to conventional physical therapy in patients awaiting CABG (p < 0.05).
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