Individual-level correlates of sense of community: Findings from workplace and school

Since ties to others established through memberships in formal organizations are increasingly providing individuals with the social and emotional support they once drew from family and neighbors, it is important to consider the sense of community experienced by individuals in these contexts. In the present study, a new conceptual framework for understanding sense of community in workplaces and schools is presented, and the development and testing of a set of assessment instruments for use in these settings is described. Focusing on sense of community among employed adults and students in a research firm and three high schools, the study then explores both factors that may influence individuals' community experiences in organizations and the consequences these experiences may have for individuals. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.