This paper presents the results of transient stability simulations on a small (2-generator, 5-bus) study power system. The study compares the effects of different FACTS controllers using critical fault clearing time (CFCT) as a figure of merit. Specifically, the study compared the application of five controllers: the high initial response (HIR) generator excitation system, the static VAr compensator (SVC), the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), the thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC), and the unified power flow controller (UPFC). The study demonstrates that FACTS devices, in general, are considerably more powerful than high response excitation systems in enhancing transient stability. Among FACTS devices, the study shows that the STATCOM with its superior low voltage performance, has superior transient stability performance characteristics compared to an SVC of the same rating. The UPFC, with its ability to independently control real and reactive power flow, as well as bus terminal voltage, has the greatest potential to enhance transient stability, compared with any of the other controllers studied.
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Robert J. Nelson (1996) studied this question.