Based on a set of household survey data, this paper is among the first to analyze vulnerability in rural China. In particular, cohort analysis is introduced to explore the relationship between vulnerability and diversification and the education–vulnerability nexus. Empirical results indicate that, contrary to earlier findings, diversification into non-agriculture activities is found to exert little effects on vulnerability, and that education is an important determinant of vulnerability in rural China.
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Zhang et al. (2006) studied this question.